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When the Fair Housing Act was first enacted in 1968 it prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion and national origin. Sex was added to the list of protected classes in 1974.  Disability and familial status (the presence or anticipated presence of children under 18 in a household) were added in 1988. In Ohio, military status, was added in 2008. In certain circumstances, the law allows limited exceptions for discrimination based on sex, religion, or familial status.

The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development is the cabinet agency with the statutory authority to administer and enforce the Fair Housing Act. The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development has delegated fair housing enforcement and compliance activities to HUD's Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO) and HUD's Office of General Counsel.

It is illegal, pursuant to the Ohio Fair Housing Law, Division (H) of Section 4112.02 of the Ohio Revised Code and the Federal Fair Housing Law, 42, U.C.S.A. 3601, to refuse to sell, transfer, assign, rent, lease, sublease, or finance housing accommodations, refuse to negotiate for the sale or rental of housing accommodations, or otherwise deny or make unavailable housing accommodations because of race, color, religion, sex, familial status as defined in Section 4112.01 of the Ohio Revised Code, ancestry, military status as defined in that section, disability as defined in that section, or national origin or to so discriminate in advertising the sale or rental of housing, in the financing of housing, or in the provision of real estate brokerage services.

It is also illegal, for profit, to induce or attempt to induce a person to sell or rent a dwelling by representations regarding the entry into the neighborhood of a person or persons belonging to one of the protected classes. 

• Market Value - Comparative Market Analysis
• Real Estate Guide - Selling Your Home, Appraisals & Market Value
• Arm's Length Transaction

Fair market rent is an important concept both in the Housing and Urban Development's ability to determine how much of the rent is covered by the government for those tenants who are part of Section 8, as well as by other governmental institutions.

Fair market rent is sometimes used by assessors to determine property tax values.

FICO scores propose to show the likelihood that a borrower will default on a mortgage or consumer loan. Another score, called the BNI, is used to determine the likelihood that a borrower will declare bankruptcy. Each consusmer reporting agency also calculates a credit score using its own model. Scores may differ by 50 to 100 points or more for the same borrower. The score Fair Isaac sells to borrowers is their consumer credit score.

FHFA's mission is to promote a stable and liquid mortgage market, affordable housing and community investment through safety and soundness oversight of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Banks.

FHFA publishes quarterly a national Home Price Index (HPI).  There is also a calculator that will estimate the value of your home based on the average home price appreciation for your area.

Fannie Mae's primary method for making money is by charging a guarantee fee on loans that they have securitized into mortgage-backed security bonds (MBSs). Investors, or purchasers of Fannie Mae MBSs, are willing to let Fannie Mae keep this fee in exchange for assuming the credit risk. In other words, Fannie Mae guarantees that the principal and interest on the underlying loan will be paid regardless of whether the borrower actually repays.

Fannie Mae receives no direct government funding or backing, and it has looser restrictions placed on its activities than normal financial institutions. For example, it is allowed to sell mortgage-backed securities with half the capital backing them up than is required by other financial institutions.

Fannie Mae securities carry no government guarantee of being repaid. This is explicitly stated in the law that authorizes GSEs, on the securities themselves, and in many public communications issued by Fannie Mae.

The central banking system of the United States. The history of central banking in the United States begins with the Bank of the United States, which received its charter in 1791 from the U.S. Congress -- a charter signed by President George Washington. The Bank's charter was designed by Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, modeling it after the Bank of England, the British central bank.

The Federal Reserve System is a quasi-governmental/quasi-private banking system composed of (1) the presidentially-appointed Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System in Washington, D.C.; (2) the Federal Open Market Committee; (3) 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks located in major cities throughout the nation acting as fiscal agents for the U.S. Treasury, each with their own nine-member board of directors; (4) numerous private U.S. member banks, which subscribe to required amounts of non-transferable stock in their regional Federal Reserve Bank; and (5) various advisory councils.

The Federal Reserve System controls the size of the money supply by conducting open market operations, in which the Federal Reserve lends or purchases specific types of securities with authorized participants, known as primary dealers. All open market operations in the United States are conducted by the Open Market Desk at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, with an aim to making the federal funds rate as close to the target rate as possible. For a detailed look at the process by which changes to a reserve account held at the Fed affect the wider monetary supply of the economy, see money creation.

FHA loans have historically allowed lower income Americans to borrow money for the purchase of a home that they would not otherwise be able to afford. The program originated during the Great Depression of the 1930s, when the rates of foreclosures and defaults rose sharply, and the program was intended to provide lenders with sufficient insurance. Some FHA programs were subsidized by government, but the goal was to make it self-supporting, based on insurance premiums paid by borrowers.

Over time, private mortgage insurance (PMI) companies came into play, and now FHA primarily serves people who cannot afford a conventional down payment or otherwise do not qualify for PMI insurance.

A fiduciary agent is expected to be extremely loyal to the principal. A fiduciary must not put personal interests before the duty, and must not profit from the position as a fiduciary, unless the principal consents. The fiduciary relationship is highlighted by good faith, loyalty and trust. The word itself originally comes from the Latin fides, meaning faith.

When a fiduciary duty is imposed, the law requires a stricter standard of behavior than the comparable duty of care in common law. It is said the fiduciary has a duty to never be in a situation where personal interests and fiduciary duty conflict, a duty to never be in a situation where a fiduciary duty conflicts with another fiduciary duty, and a duty never to profit from their fiduciary position without express knowledge and consent. A fiduciary cannot have a conflict of interest.

If your faced with foreclosure in Ohio, Save The Dream, Ohio's Foreclosure Prevention Effort website encourages you to take the following steps to help you stay in your home:

• Contact your mortgage loan servicer at the first sign that you may have difficulty in making your mortgage payment. Explain your circumstances and ask to participate in a workout resolution. Even if the foreclosure process has started, it is not too late to reach out to your servicer.
   
• While working with your servicer, also contact a housing counselor—approved by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development—to discuss your options.

The FHLMC was created in 1970 to expand the secondary market for mortgages in the United States. Along with other GSEs, Freddie Mac buys mortgages on the secondary market, pools them and sells them as mortgage-backed securities to investors on the open market.

Along with other GSEs (such as Fannie Mae), Freddie Mac purchases mortgages and related securities, and then issue securities and bonds in financial markets backed by those mortgages in secondary markets